Italian primary school assessment is under constant scrutiny, particularly with the Senate's approval of Bill 924-bis amending O.M. 172/2020. This amendment replaces achievement levels with descriptive assessment. Assessment relies on quantitative and qualitative data gathered by teachers through…

The adoption of the transition from grading to a descriptive evaluation in primary schools, introduced by Ministerial Order 172 of 2020, represents a significant opportunity (Piscozzo & Stefanel, 2022) for teachers to reshape their assessment methods. The evaluation model proposed by current…

Agenda 2030 sets out goals that refer directly to the world of education: "Providing quality, equitable and inclusive education and learning opportunities for all" (ONU, 2015, p. 14). The need for equitable and inclusive education is, in fact, a fundamental prerequisite for the improvement of people…